{"id":56,"date":"2005-09-27T00:54:26","date_gmt":"2005-09-26T16:54:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www\/zhouhonghe.com\/wordpress\/?p=56"},"modified":"2007-01-29T21:17:18","modified_gmt":"2007-01-29T13:17:18","slug":"%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c%e6%b5%81%e9%87%8f%e7%9b%91%e6%8e%a7%e5%99%a8mrtg%e5%85%a8%e6%94%bb%e7%95%a5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.zhouhonghe.com\/?p=56","title":{"rendered":"\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\u76d1\u63a7\u5668mrtg\u5168\u653b\u7565"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u7b80\u4ecb<\/p>\n<p>Mrtg(Multi Router Traffic Grapher,MRTG)\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76d1\u63a7\u7f51\u7edc\u94fe\u8def\u6d41\u91cf\u8d1f\u8f7d\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7snmp\u534f\u8bae\u4ece\u8bbe\u5907\u5f97\u5230\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u6d41\u91cf\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4ee5\u5305\u542bPNG\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u56fe\u5f62\u7684HTML\u6587\u6863\u65b9\u5f0f\u663e\u793a\u7ed9\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u4ee5\u975e\u5e38\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u663e\u793a\u6d41\u91cf\u8d1f\u8f7d(\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7f51\u7ad9<a href=\"http:\/\/www.stat.ee.ethz.ch\/mrtg\/\">http:\/\/www.stat.ee.ethz.ch\/mrtg\/<\/a>)\u5f97\u5230mrtg\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<br \/>\n\u5173\u4e8emrtg\u7684\u6700\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece<a href=\"http:\/\/people.ee.ethz.ch\/~oetiker\/webtools\/mrtg\">http:\/\/people.ee.ethz.ch\/~oetiker\/webtools\/mrtg<\/a> \u5f97\u5230\u3002<\/p>\n<p>mrtg\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7279\u8272\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u79fb\u690d\u6027\uff1a\u76ee\u524d\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570Unix\u7cfb\u7edf\u548cWindows NT\u4e4b\u4e0a\u3002<br \/>\n\u6e90\u7801\u5f00\u653e\uff1aMrtg\u662f\u7528perl\u7f16\u5199\u7684\uff0c\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u5b8c\u5168\u5f00\u653e\u3002<br \/>\n\u9ad8\u53ef\u79fb\u690d\u6027\u7684SNMP\u652f\u6301\uff1aMrtg\u91c7\u7528\u4e86Simon Leinen\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u53ef\u79fb\u690d\u6027\u7684SNMP\u5b9e\u73b0\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684SNMP\u6a21\u5757\u652f\u6301\u3002<br \/>\n\u652f\u6301SNMPv2c\uff1aMRTG\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bfb\u53d6SNMPv2c\u768464\u4f4d\u7684\u8bb0\u6570\u5668\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5927\u5927\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u8bb0\u6570\u5668\u56de\u8f6c\u6b21\u6570\u3002<br \/>\n\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u6807\u8bc6\uff1a\u88ab\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee5IP\u5730\u5740\u3001\u8bbe\u5907\u63cf\u8ff0\u3001SNMP\u5bf9\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u7f16\u53f7\u53caMac\u5730\u5740\u6765\u6807\u8bc6\u3002<br \/>\n\u5e38\u91cf\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\uff1aMRTG\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d8\u5927\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u91cc\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5408\u5e76\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<br \/>\n\u81ea\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e\u529f\u80fd\uff1aMRTG\u81ea\u8eab\u6709\u914d\u7f6e\u5de5\u5177\u5957\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u914d\u7f6e\u8fc7\u7a0b\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\u3002<br \/>\n\u6027\u80fd\uff1a\u65f6\u95f4\u654f\u611f\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u4f7f\u7528C\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u5199\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002<br \/>\nPNG\u683c\u5f0f\u56fe\u5f62\uff1a\u56fe\u5f62\u91c7\u7528GD\u5e93\u76f4\u63a5\u4ea7\u751fPNG\u683c\u5f0f\u3002<br \/>\n\u53ef\u5b9a\u5236\u6027\uff1aMRTG\u4ea7\u751f\u7684web\u9875\u9762\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u5236\u7684\u3002<br \/>\nmrtg\u7684\u4e3b\u9875\u662f<a href=\"http:\/\/www.mrtg.org\/\">http:\/\/www.mrtg.org<\/a>\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0b\u8f7d\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Mrtg\u517c\u5bb9\u6027<\/p>\n<p>mrtg\u8f6f\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>Linux 1.2.x, 2.0.x, 2.2.x, 2.4.x (Intel and Alpha and Sparc and PowerPC)<br \/>\nLinux MIPS, Linux S\/390<br \/>\nSunOS 4.1.3<br \/>\nSolaris 2.4, 2.5, 2.5.1, 2.6, 7, 8<br \/>\nAIX 4.1.4, 4.2.0.0, 4.3.2<br \/>\nHPUX 9,10,11<br \/>\nWindowsNT 3.51, 4.0, 2k, XP<br \/>\nIRIX 5.3, 6.2<br \/>\nBSDI BSD\/OS 2.1, 4.x, 3.1<br \/>\nNetBSD 1.5.x<br \/>\nFreeBSD 2.1.x, 2.2.x, 3.1, 3.4, 4.x<br \/>\nOpenBSD 2.x<br \/>\nDigital Unix 4.0<br \/>\nSCO Open Server 5.0<br \/>\nReliant UNIX<br \/>\nNeXTStep 3.3<br \/>\nOpenStep 4.2<br \/>\nMac OS X 10.1<br \/>\nAnd about and other sensible Unix<\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7mrtg\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u8bbe\u5907(\u76ee\u524d\u5e02\u573a\u4e0a\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4ea7\u54c1\u90fd\u652f\u6301SNMP\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u652f\u6301SNMP\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u5c31\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528MRTG\u6765\u76d1\u63a7)\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>3Com NETBuilders, LANplex 6012 and 2500<br \/>\n3Com etherswitches and hubs<br \/>\n3Com Linkswitch 1000 1100 3300<br \/>\n3Com Superstack II switch 3900, 3300 MX<br \/>\n3Com 812 ADSL Router<br \/>\nAlantec powerhub 7000<br \/>\nAllied Telesyn - 8224XL and 8324XL 24 port managed switches<br \/>\nAnnex terminal server<br \/>\nAsante Hub<br \/>\nAscend (Lucent) Max 600, [24]00x, Pipeline 50, TNT, APX-8000, MAX-6000<br \/>\nAlcatel (Assured Access) x1600, OmniSR9, OmniCore 5022<br \/>\nAT&amp;T Wave Point, Lan<br \/>\nBayNetworks (Wellfleet) 7.80 and up, BayStack 350T, Instant Internet, see Nortel<br \/>\nBreezeCom AP,SA<br \/>\nCabletron ESX-820 Etherswitch, Smartswitch 2000,6000 and router<br \/>\nCentillion Token Ring SpeedSwtich 100 (IBM 8251 Token Ring Switch)<br \/>\nAbout every Cisco Kit there is ...<br \/>\nCentreCOM 8116<br \/>\nCompatible Systems<br \/>\nDECBridge 620, DEC 900EF, 900EE, Gigaswitch<br \/>\nELSA Lancom L 11 (Wireless Router)<br \/>\nEnterasys Matrix E5, VH-4802 and VH-2402S Switche<br \/>\nEricsson Tirgis Series RAS Servers<br \/>\nExtreme Networks -- Blackdiamond 6808 &amp; Alpine 3808 Layer 3 Switches<br \/>\nFore ASX200 ATM<br \/>\nFlowPoint 2200 ATM\/DSL Router<br \/>\nFormula 8200 series<br \/>\nFoundry BigIron 8000 Gigabit, FastIron Switch, ServerIron Switch<br \/>\nCable Modems from Lancity, Terayon and DOCSIS<br \/>\nHP - network interfaces, disks, database Informix<br \/>\nHP AdvanceStack\/Procurve Switch 2000 and 2524, AdvanceStack Switch 200<br \/>\nHP Procurve Switches , model 4000m, 2424m and 2400m<br \/>\nIBM 8260 swtich (with 155MB ATM blades installed), IBM 2210 ISDN Routers.<br \/>\nIntel switches (details) -- 510T, Intel Gigabit Server adapter<br \/>\nIMV Victron NetPro 3000 UPS<br \/>\nKentrox Pacesetter Pro<br \/>\nLantronix Bridge<br \/>\nLucent\/Xedia Access PointT 450, 1000<br \/>\nLivingston (Lucent) IRX 3.2.1R, IRX 114, PM2E(R) PM3-2E OR-U<br \/>\nMotorola 6560 Regional Node, SB3100 CableModem, 320, 6430 and 6455 routers<br \/>\nMorningstar terminal servers\/routers<br \/>\nMGE (Merlin Gerin) UPSes (details)<br \/>\nNetwork Appliance<br \/>\nNetopia R7100C SDSL<br \/>\nNetscreen 5 \/ 10 \/ 100<br \/>\nNortel Networks, Bay Routers BCN, BLN, ASN, ARN, AN,<br \/>\nPassport 1k and Passport 8k3 series L3 switches, BayStack<br \/>\n450 L2 switches.<br \/>\nNortel Networks, Accelar L3 Switches<br \/>\nNokia IP 330\/440\/650<br \/>\nNbase ethernet switch<br \/>\nNovell 3.11, 4.11<br \/>\nRmon probes<br \/>\nSGI-Server (Irix 5.3)<br \/>\nAny server server running HP-UX, Ultrix, Solaris, SunOS, OSF, NetBSD, FreeBSD, BSDi, Linux, AIX, OpenBSD, Irix or even<br \/>\nWindows operating systems (badly), when using NET-SNMP<br \/>\n(former UCD-SNMP).<br \/>\nApple Mac (An snmp service is included on the OS CD &gt;= 8.5 )<br \/>\nShiva Accesport<br \/>\nSolaris Server<br \/>\nSquid Web cache<br \/>\nUS-Robotics Total Control Modemracks<br \/>\nWellfleet (later Bay Networks): see Nortel routers<br \/>\nWaveWireless SpeedLan 8x00 RF Routers<br \/>\nWinNT, MS Proxy<br \/>\nXylan (today Alcatel) 4024C 24port 10\/100 OmniStack Switch,<br \/>\n9k devices, including ATM links.<br \/>\nYamaha rt100i<br \/>\nZyxel Prestige P310, 153X, 642.<br \/>\n\u4e0d\u652f\u6301mrtg\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\uff1a<br \/>\nD-Link switches (details)<\/p>\n<p>SNMP\u7b80\u4ecb<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e00\u822c\u8981\u5305\u542b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff1a\u2460\u82e5\u5e72\u4e2a(\u53ef\u80fd\u5f88\u591a\u4e2a)\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5982\u8def\u7531\u5668\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7b49\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u4e0a\u90fd\u8fd0\u884c\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u79f0\u4e3a\u8bbe\u5907\u4ee3\u7406(agent)\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u88ab\u7ba1\u7406\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u88ab\u7ba1\u7406\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5982\u6d41\u91cf\u7b49\u7684\u641c\u96c6\u548c\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u88ab\u7ba1\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff1b\u2461\u81f3\u5c11\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ad9\uff0c\u8be5\u7ba1\u7406\u7ad9\u8fd0\u884c\u7740\u7ba1\u7406\u5e73\u53f0\u5e94\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e3a\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u63d0\u4f9b\u5bf9\u88ab\u7ba1\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u7684\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u8fdb\u884c\u7ba1\u7406\uff1b\u2462\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ba1\u7406\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u8bbe\u5907\u4ee3\u7406\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ad9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7ba1\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9001\u7684\u89c4\u7a0b\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u7ba1\u7406\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u5728\u7ba1\u7406\u6846\u67b6\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u6846\u67b6\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc1,\u6388\u6743,\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b56\u7565\u7b49\u5404\u79cd\u5b89\u5168\u9632\u62a4\u6846\u67b6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd0\u884cTCP\/IP\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u534f\u8bae\u6807\u51c6\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u534f\u8bae(Simple Network Management Protocol,SNMP)\uff0c\u5176\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4f20\u9001\u7ba1\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u6d88\u606f\u683c\u5f0f\u53ca\u7ba1\u7406\u7ad9\u548c\u8bbe\u5907\u4ee3\u7406\u76f8\u4e92\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u9001\u7684\u89c4\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u51fa\u4e8e\u4e1a\u754c\u5bf9\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u534f\u8bae\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u7684\u8feb\u5207\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\uff0cIETF\u4e8e1990\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86SNMPv1\u7684\u6b63\u5f0fRFC\u6587\u6863\uff1b\u5176\u8bbe\u8ba1\u601d\u60f3\u91cd\u70b9\u653e\u5728\u4fdd\u8bc1\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u6027\u3001\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u4e0a\uff0c\u5e76\u5e0c\u671b\u628aSNMP\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fc7\u6e21\u6027\u7684\u7f51\u7ba1\u534f\u8bae\u6765\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u4e92\u8fde\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u8fdb\u884c\u7ba1\u7406\u65f6\u9075\u5faa\u7684\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5f85OSI\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u534f\u8bae\u2014CMIP\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u3001\u5b9e\u73b0\u548c\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u6210\u719f\u548c\u5b8c\u5584\u5230\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e1a\u754c\u63a8\u5e7f\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u518d\u7528CMIP\u6765\u66ff\u6362SNMP\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u5404\u79cd\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0cCMIP\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u66ff\u4ee3SNMP\uff0c\u800cSNMP\u53d1\u5c55\u4e3a\u4e1a\u754c\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>SNMP\u4e00\u5171\u53d1\u5c55\u67093\u4e2a\u4e3b\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u4e3aSNMPv1 \uff0cSNMPv2\u548cSNMPv3\u3002\u5176\u4e2dSNMPv2\u53c8\u5206\u4e3a\u82e5\u5e72\u4e2a\u5b50\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dSNMPv2c\u5e94\u7528\u6700\u4e3a\u5e7f\u6cdb:<\/p>\n<p>SNMPv1: \u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u5f0f\u534f\u8bae\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u5728RFC1155-RFC1158\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u8be5\u7248\u672c\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u57fa\u4e8e\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u540d\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\uff1b<br \/>\nSNMPv2c: \u8fd9\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u57fa\u4e8e\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u540d\u7684SNMPv2\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u57fa\u4e8e\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u540d\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\u548cSNMPv2p\u505a\u51fa\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u64cd\u4f5c\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6269\u5145\uff0c\u7531RFC1901-RFC1906\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1b<br \/>\nSNMPv3: \u8be5\u534f\u8bae\u7248\u672c\u91c7\u7528\u57fa\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5176\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\u662f\u5728SNMPv2u\u548cSNMPv2*\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u8bc4\u8bae\u4ee5\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5bf9\u534f\u8bae\u673a\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u529f\u80fd\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5212\u5206\u800c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u826f\u597d\u7684\u53ef\u6269\u5145\u6027\uff0c\u7531RFC2271-RFC2275\u6240\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd0\u884cSNMP\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u539f\u7406\u53caSNMP\u534f\u8bae<\/p>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528SNMP\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u7ed3\u6784\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e00\u822c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u7ba1\u7406\u8fdb\u7a0b\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9a\u65f6\u5411\u5404\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u4ee3\u7406\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53d1\u9001\u67e5\u8be2\u8bf7\u6c42\u6d88\u606f(\u4ee5\u8f6e\u8be2\u65b9\u5f0f)\uff0c\u6765\u8ddf\u8e2a\u5404\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff1b\u800c\u5f53\u8bbe\u5907\u51fa\u73b0\u5f02\u5e38\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5982\u8bbe\u5907\u51b7\u542f\u52a8\u7b49\u65f6\uff0c\u8bbe\u5907\u4ee3\u7406\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e3b\u52a8\u5411\u7ba1\u7406\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53d1\u9001\u9677\u9631\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u6c47\u62a5\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8f6e\u8be2\u6d88\u606f\u548c\u9677\u9631\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u53d1\u9001\u548c\u63a5\u53d7\u89c4\u7a0b\u53ca\u5176\u683c\u5f0f\u5b9a\u4e49\u90fd\u662f\u7531SNMP\u534f\u8bae\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\uff1b\u800c\u88ab\u7ba1\u7406\u8bbe\u5907\u5c06\u5176\u5404\u79cd\u7ba1\u7406\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u90fd\u5b58\u653e\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u79f0\u4e3a\u7ba1\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u5e93\uff08Management Information Base\uff09\u5e93\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2dSNMP\u534f\u8bae\u662f\u8fd0\u884c\u5728UDP\u534f\u8bae\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u5b83\u5229\u7528\u7684\u662fUDP\u534f\u8bae\u7684161\/162\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\u5176\u4e2d161\u7aef\u53e3\u88ab\u8bbe\u5907\u4ee3\u7406\u76d1\u542c\uff0c\u7b49\u5f85\u63a5\u53d7\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u67e5\u8be2\u8bf7\u6c42\u6d88\u606f\uff1b162\u7aef\u53e3\u7531\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u8fdb\u7a0b\u76d1\u542c\u7b49\u5f85\u8bbe\u5907\u4ee3\u7406\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u4e8b\u4ef6\u62a5\u544a\u9677\u9631\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u5982Trap\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7684\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u88ab\u770b\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5404\u79cd\u88ab\u7ba1\u7406\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u88ab\u7ba1\u7406\u5bf9\u8c61\u7531OSI\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u88ab\u79f0\u4f5c\u7ba1\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u5e93(Management Information Base,MIB)\u7684\u865a\u62df\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5e93\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7ba1\u7406\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e93MIB<\/p>\n<p>MIB\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6309\u7167\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u6811\u72b6\u7ed3\u6784\uff08\u5b9a\u4e49\u65b9\u5f0f\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u57df\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf\uff09\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e3a\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u6811\u4e2d\u7684\u76f8\u5e94\u53f6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u7ba1\u7406\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u6309\u7167\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u8868\u793a\u8be5\u79cd\u5bf9\u8c61\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e0a\u5c42\u7684\u54ea\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u800c\u4e14OSI\u4e3a\u6811\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5b9a\u4e49\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u6807\u8bc6\uff0c\u6bcf\u5c42\u4e2d\u7684\u8be5\u6570\u5b57\u6807\u8bc6\u4ece1\u5f00\u59cb\u9012\u589e\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u6811\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4ece\u6839\u5f00\u59cb\u5230\u76ee\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6807\u8bc6\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u4e00\u8fde\u4e32\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u6765\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u59821.3.6.1.2.1.1\u8868\u793a\u4e86MIBII\u4e2d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ec4\u5b50\u6811,\u800c1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1.0\u8868\u793a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u63cf\u8ff0(sytem Descrption)\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u4e00\u8fde\u4e32\u6570\u5b57\u8868\u793a\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u5bf9\u8c61\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\uff08Object Indentifier,OID\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2aMIB\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u5757\u4f7f\u7528OSI\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u8bed\u6cd5\u6807\u8bb0(Abstract Syntax Notation One\uff0cASN.1)\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u96c6\u5199\u6210\u3002\u8be5\u5b50\u96c6\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u7ba1\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u7ed3\u6784(Management Information\uff0cSMI)\u3002<\/p>\n<p>SNMP\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u5728\u53d1\u9001\u548c\u4f20\u8f93\u65f6\u6d88\u606f\u662f\u91c7\u7528\u57fa\u672c\u7f16\u7801\u89c4\u5219\uff08BER\uff09\u5bf9\u6d88\u606f\u8fdb\u884c\u7f16\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<p>SNMP\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u6807\u51c6MIB\u5e93\u662fMIBII\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003RFC 1213\u3002<\/p>\n<p>SNMP\u534f\u8bae\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n<p>SNMP\u63d0\u4f9b\u6709\u4e09\u7c7b\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u4e3aGet\uff0cSet\u548cTrap\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Get\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u88ab\u7ba1\u7406\u5bf9\u8c61\u6240\u8868\u793a\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u8bfb\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5728SNMPv1\u4e2d\uff0cGET\u64cd\u4f5c\u5177\u4f53\u4e00\u5171\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f<\/p>\n<p>Get\u548cGetNext\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a Get\u64cd\u4f5c\u6307\u793a\u76f4\u63a5\u8bfb\u53d6\u64cd\u4f5c\u53c2\u6570\u6307\u5b9a\u7684OID\u6240\u8868\u793a\u7684\u88ab\u7ba1\u7406\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u503c\u3002GetNext\u64cd\u4f5c\u6307\u793a\u8bfb\u53d6\u64cd\u4f5c\u53c2\u6570\u6307\u5b9a\u7684OID\u6240\u8868\u793a\u7684\u88ab\u7ba1\u7406\u5bf9\u8c61\u5728MIB\u6811\u4e2d\u6309\u7167\u5b57\u5178\u987a\u5e8f\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u88ab\u7ba1\u7406\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u503c\u3002\u5728SNMPv2\u4e2d\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u79cdGetBulk\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5176\u662fGet\u548cGetNext\u7684\u7efc\u5408\uff0c\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u5bf9\u88ab\u7ba1\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u6548\u7387\u800c\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Set\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u88ab\u7ba1\u7406\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u8fdb\u884c\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u73b0\u76f4\u63a5\u5bf9\u64cd\u4f5c\u53c2\u6570\u6307\u5b9a\u7684OID\u6240\u8868\u793a\u7684\u88ab\u7ba1\u7406\u5bf9\u8c61\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u503c\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u9762\u51e0\u79cd\u6d88\u606f\u662f\u7531\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ad9\u4e3b\u52a8\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u88ab\u7ba1\u7406\u8bbe\u5907\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6e\u8be2\u8bbf\u95ee\u65f6\u53d1\u51fa\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u88ab\u7ba1\u7406\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u4fe1\u606f\uff1b\u800c\u5728\u88ab\u7ba1\u7406\u8bbe\u5907\u51fa\u73b0\u5f02\u5e38\u4e8b\u4ef6\u9700\u8981\u53ca\u65f6\u5411\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ad9\u62a5\u544a\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981Trap\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u8be5\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b9e\u73b0\u88ab\u7ba1\u7406\u8bbe\u5907\u5411\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ad9\u62a5\u544a\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u51fa\u73b0\u6545\u969c\u6216\u6062\u590d\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u8bbe\u5907\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u5728SNMPv2\u4e2d\u65b0\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u79cdInform\u64cd\u4f5c\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ba1\u7406\u7ad9\u4e0e\u7ba1\u7406\u7ad9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\u4e0a\u8ff0\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\u4e00\u6b21\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u7ba1\u7406\u5bf9\u8c61OID\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d88\u606f\u4e00\u6b21\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u591a\u4e2a\u88ab\u7ba1\u7406\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>SNMPv1\u548cSNMPv2c\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u57fa\u4e8e\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u540d\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u7ba1\u7406\u7ad9\u548c\u88ab\u7ba1\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u90fd\u5b58\u50a8\u6709\u8be5\u5145\u5f53\u5bc6\u7801\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u540d\uff1b\u6d88\u606f\u53d1\u9001\u8005(\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u7ba1\u7406\u8005)\u5728\u8981\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u4e2d\u7684\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u540d\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e2d\u586b\u5165\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u63a5\u6536\u8005\u7684\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u540d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4ee5\u660e\u6587\u65b9\u5f0f\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u53d1\u9001\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u63a5\u6536\u65b9(\u88ab\u7ba1\u7406\u8bbe\u5907)\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u6d88\u606f\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6d88\u606f\u683c\u5f0f\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\uff0c\u5219\u8bfb\u53d6\u8be5\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u4e0e\u81ea\u8eab\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u540d\u76f8\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u53d1\u9001\u6d88\u606f\u8005\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u540d\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u673a\u5668\u5730\u5740\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u6765\u8868\u793a\u53ea\u6709\u5730\u5740\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u673a\u5668\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u540d\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u624d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u53ef\u4fe1\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u540d\u5c31\u62c5\u4efb\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u540d\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u503c\u4e3a\u8bfb\u6216\u8bfb\u5199\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u540d\u7684\u6743\u9650\u4e00\u81f4\u624d\u5141\u8bb8\u8fdb\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8be6\u7ec6\u60c5\u51b5\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003RFC 1157\u3001RFC 1902\u3001RFC 2273\u3001RFC 2274\u3002<br \/>\n[page]<\/p>\n<p>MRTG\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u914d\u7f6e<\/p>\n<p>\u5b89\u88c5\u652f\u6301\u8f6f\u4ef6<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u91cc\u4ee5Rehat7.2\u4e3a\u4f8b\u5b50\u8ba8\u8bbaMRTG\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u5b89\u88c5\u3002\u8981\u5b89\u88c5MRTG\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff1aGCC\u3001Perl\u3001gd\u3001libpng\u548czlib\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u5426\u5b89\u88c5\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>[root@mail doc]# rpm -qa|grep gd<br \/>\ngd-1.8.4-4<br \/>\ngd-devel-1.8.4-4<\/p>\n<p>[root@mail doc]# rpm -qa|grep perl<br \/>\nperl-5.6.0-17<br \/>\nmod_perl-1.24_01-3<\/p>\n<p>[root@mail doc]# rpm -qa|grep libp<br \/>\nlibpng-1.0.12-2<br \/>\nlibpng-devel-1.0.12-2<\/p>\n<p>[root@mail doc]# rpm -qa|grep zlib<br \/>\nzlib-1.1.3-24<br \/>\nzlib-devel-1.1.3-24<br \/>\n[root@mail doc]# rpm -qa|grep gcc<br \/>\ngcc-2.96-98<br \/>\ngcc-g77-2.96-98<br \/>\ngcc-c++-2.96-98<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u53d1\u73b0\u54ea\u4e2a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u6ca1\u6709\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u76f4\u63a5\u4eceredhat\u5b89\u88c5\u76d8\u5b89\u88c5\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684rpm\u5305\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<br \/>\n<a href=\"mailto:root@mail\">root@mail<\/a> doc]# rpm -ivh zlib-1.1.3-24 zlib-devel-1.1.3-24<\/p>\n<p>MRTG\u7684\u5b89\u88c5<\/p>\n<p>\u76ee\u524dmrtg\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u4e3a2.9.17\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>[root@mail src]# tar xvfz mrtg-2.9.17.tar.gz<br \/>\n[root@mail src]# cd mrtg-2.9.17<br \/>\n[root@mail mrtg-2.9.17]# .\/configure --prefix=\/usr\/local\/mrtg-2<br \/>\n[root@mail mrtg-2.9.17]# make<br \/>\n[root@mail mrtg-2.9.17]# make install<\/p>\n<p>\u5230\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86MRTG\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u914d\u7f6eSNMP\u670d\u52a1<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u914d\u7f6eSNMP\u652f\u6301\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u968f\u673a\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u91cc\u9762\u90fd\u6709\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u8ba8\u8bba\u5728Linux\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u914d\u7f6eSNMP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u672c\u673a\u6d41\u51fa\u6d41\u5165\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5206\u6790\u548c\u62a5\u8868(\u6211\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u73af\u5883\u662f\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u5e26\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u578b\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u4e0a\u7f51\uff0c\u76d1\u63a7\u672c\u673a\u8fdb\u51fa\u6d41\u91cf)\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728linux\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u5b89\u88c5snmp\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u662f\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u5373\u53ef\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>[root@mail doc]# rpm -qa|grep snmp<br \/>\nucd-snmp-4.2.1-7<br \/>\nucd-snmp-utils-4.2.1-7<br \/>\nucd-snmp-devel-4.2.1-7<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u8fd0\u884c\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>[root@mail doc]# \/etc\/rc.d\/init.d\/snmpd start<br \/>\nStarting snmpd: [ OK ]<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u547d\u4ee4\u8f93\u51fa\u5982\u4e0a\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5c31\u8868\u793asnmp\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u542f\u52a8\u6b63\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u914d\u5408mrtg\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u4fee\u6539snmpd\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5176\u5141\u8bb8mrtg\u8bfb\u53d6\u5176interface(\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3)\u6d41\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>vi \/etc\/snmp\/snmpd.conf<\/p>\n<p>\u5c06<\/p>\n<p>#view systemview included mib2<\/p>\n<p>\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4fee\u6539\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>view mib2 included .iso.org.dod.internet.mgmt.mib-2 fc<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u5c06<\/p>\n<p>access notConfigGroup \"\" any noauth exact systemview none none<\/p>\n<p>\u4fee\u6539\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>access notConfigGroup \"\" any noauth exact mib2 none none<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u518d\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8snmpd\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\/etc\/rc.d\/init.d\/snmpd restart<\/p>\n<p>\u914d\u7f6eMRTG<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u914d\u7f6emrtg\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u3002mrtg\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\u90fd\u662f\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728mrtg.cfg\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u5e0c\u671b\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u7279\u6027\u3002\u5e78\u8fd0\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u76f4\u63a5\u624b\u5de5\u7f16\u8f91\u8be5\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3amrtg\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u63d0\u4f9b\u6709cfgmaker\u914d\u7f6e\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u8fd0\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210mrtg.cfg\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5728mrtg\u6e90\u7801\u76ee\u5f55\u7684bin\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u8be5\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\u5728www\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684DocumentRoot\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u7528\u6765\u5b58\u653emrtg\u751f\u6210\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u5047\u8bbeapache\u662f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64DocumentRoot\u5728\/var\/www\/html\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55mrtg\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>mkdir \/var\/www\/html\/mrtg<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\/var\/www\/html\/mrtg\u5c31\u662fmrtg\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c31\u751f\u6210mrtg\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>cfgmaker --global \"WorkDir: \/var\/www\/html\/mrtg\"<br \/>\n--global \"Options[_]: growright,bits\"<br \/>\n--ifref=ip<br \/>\n--output \/etc\/mrtg.cfg<br \/>\n<a href=\"mailto:public@192.168.0.1\">public@192.168.0.1<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684--global\u53c2\u6570\u8868\u793a\u540e\u9762\u7684\u9009\u9879\u662f\u5bf9\u540e\u9762\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u90fd\u662f\u6709\u6548\u7684(\u5982\u679c\u5e0c\u671b\u5bf9\u591a\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u8fdb\u884c\u76d1\u63a7\u65f6\uff0c\u8be5\u53c2\u6570\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u4f5c\u7528)\u3002WorkDir\u7528\u6765\u6307\u793amrtg\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\uff1bOptions\u7528\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684growright,bits\u662f\u7528\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u9ed8\u8ba4options\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u6765\u8bf4\u9ed8\u8ba4options\u914d\u7f6e\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u9700\u6c42\u4e86\u3002ifref\u7528\u6765\u6307\u793a\u7528\u4ec0\u4e48\u9009\u9879\u6765\u6807\u8bc6\u8bbe\u5907\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u6307\u5b9a\u4f7f\u7528IP\u5730\u5740\u6765\u6807\u8bc6\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u63a5\u53e3\u3002ifref\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u4e3anr\u3001ip\u3001eth\u3001descr\u3001name\u3002nr\u8868\u793a\u7528\u63a5\u53e3\u5728MIBII\u5e93\u4e2dInterface\u63a5\u53e3\u7684ifIndex\u6765\u8bc6\u522b\u63a5\u53e3\uff1bIP\u8868\u793a\u4f7f\u7528ip\u5730\u5740\u8bc6\u522b\u63a5\u53e3\uff1beth\u8868\u793a\u4f7f\u7528\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\u6807\u8bc6\u63a5\u53e3\uff1bdescr\u8868\u793a\u4f7f\u7528\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u6807\u8bc6\u63a5\u53e3\uff1bname\u8868\u793a\u4f7f\u7528\u63a5\u53e3\u540d\u6765\u6807\u8bc6\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4ip\u5730\u5740\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6709\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u63a5\u53e3\u662f\u6ca1\u6709IP\u5730\u5740\u7684\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u5c31\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u63a5\u53e3\u6765\u8bf4nr(\u63a5\u53e3\u53f7)\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4f7f\u7528IP\u5730\u5740\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\uff0c\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u5219\u9700\u8981\u91c7\u7528nr\u4e86\u3002\"--output \/etc\/mrtg.cfg\"\u6807\u8bc6\u5c06\u751f\u6210\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u653e\u5728\/etc\/\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u3002\"<a href=\"mailto:public@192.168.0.1\">public@192.168.0.1<\/a>\"\u8868\u793a\u76d1\u63a7IP\u5730\u5740\u4e3a192.168.0.1\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u91c7\u7528public\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u540d\u901a\u8fc7snmp\u534f\u8bae\u6765\u76d1\u63a7\u8bbe\u5907192.168.0.1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5e0c\u671b\u4f7f\u7528mrtg\u6765\u5bf9\u591a\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u8fdb\u884c\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4e3e\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>cfgmaker --global \"WorkDir: \/var\/www\/html\/mrtg\"<br \/>\n--global \"Options[_]: growright,bits\"<br \/>\n--ifref=descr<br \/>\n--ifdesc=alias<br \/>\n<a href=\"mailto:public@router1.place.xyz\">public@router1.place.xyz<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"mailto:public@router2.place.xyz\">public@router2.place.xyz<\/a><br \/>\n--global \"Options[_]: growright\"<br \/>\n--ifref=name<br \/>\n--ifdesc=descr<br \/>\n<a href=\"mailto:public@switch1.place.xyz\">public@switch1.place.xyz<\/a><br \/>\n--ifdesc=name<br \/>\n<a href=\"mailto:public@switch2.place.xyz\">public@switch2.place.xyz<\/a> &gt; mrtg.cfg<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u6307\u793a\u76d1\u63a7\u56db\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\uff1arouter1.place.xyz\u3001router2.place.xyz\u3001switch1.place.xyz<br \/>\n\u548cswitch2.place.xyz\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u90fd\u91c7\u7528\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u540dpublic\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u76d1\u63a7\u3002\u5e76\u4e14\u4e24\u4e2a\u8def\u7531\u5668\u91c7\u7528descr\u6765\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u800c\u4e24\u4e2a\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u5219\u91c7\u7528alias\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bbe\u5907\u63cf\u8ff0(\u8fd9\u4e24\u8005\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5bf9\u4e8ecisco\u8def\u7531\u5668\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8edescr\u6765\u8bf4\u8bbe\u5907\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\"Serial0\"\uff0c\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8ealiasl\u6765\u8bf4\u5219\u4e3a\"Link to HQ\")\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6211\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u73af\u5883\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u7684mrtg.cfg\u5185\u5bb9\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p># Created by<br \/>\n# \/usr\/local\/mrtg-2\/bin\/cfgmaker --global WorkDir: \/var\/www\/html\/mrtg --global Options[_]: growright,bits<br \/>\n--output \/etc\/mrtg.cfg --ifref=ip <a href=\"mailto:public@192.168.0.1\">public@192.168.0.1<\/a><br \/>\n### Global Config Options<\/p>\n<p># for UNIX<br \/>\n# WorkDir: \/home\/http\/mrtg<\/p>\n<p># or for NT<br \/>\n# WorkDir: c:mrtgdata<\/p>\n<p>### Global Defaults<\/p>\n<p># to get bits instead of bytes and graphs growing to the right<br \/>\n# Options[_]: growright, bits<\/p>\n<p>WorkDir: \/var\/www\/html\/mrtg<br \/>\nOptions[_]: growright,bits<\/p>\n<p>########################################<br \/>\n# System: 192.168.0.1<br \/>\n# Description: Linux 192.168.0.1 2.4.7-10smp #1 SMP Thu Sep 6 17:09:31 EDT 2001 i686<br \/>\n# Contact: Root (configure \/etc\/snmp\/snmp.local.conf)<br \/>\n# Location: Unknown (edit \/etc\/snmp\/snmpd.conf)<br \/>\n########################################<br \/>\n### Interface 1 &gt;&gt; Descr: lo | Name: | Ip: 127.0.0.1 | Eth: ###<br \/>\n### The following interface is commented out because:<br \/>\n### * it is a Software Loopback interface<br \/>\n#<br \/>\n# Target[192.168.0.1_127.0.0.1]: \/127.0.0.1ublic@192.168.0.1:<br \/>\n# SetEnv[192.168.0.1_127.0.0.1]: MRTG_INT_IP=\"127.0.0.1\" MRTG_INT_DESCR=\"lo\"<br \/>\n# MaxBytes[192.168.0.1_127.0.0.1]: 1250000<br \/>\n# Title[192.168.0.1_127.0.0.1]: Traffic Analysis for 127.0.0.1 -- 192.168.0.1<br \/>\n# PageTop[192.168.0.1_127.0.0.1]:<br \/>\nTraffic Analysis for 127.0.0.1 -- 192.168.0.1<\/p>\n<p>#<br \/>\n# System: 192.168.0.1 in Unknown (edit \/etc\/snmp\/snmpd.conf)<\/p>\n<p># Maintainer: Root (configure \/etc\/snmp\/snmp.local.conf)<\/p>\n<p># Description: lo<\/p>\n<p># ifType: softwareLoopback (24)<\/p>\n<p># ifName:<\/p>\n<p># Max Speed: 10.0 Mbits\/s<\/p>\n<p># Ip: 127.0.0.1 (localhost)<\/p>\n<p>#<br \/>\n### Interface 2 &gt;&gt; Descr: eth0 | Name: | Ip: 211.99.43.111 | Eth: 0-d0-b7-b7-bb-30 ###<\/p>\n<p>Target[192.168.0.1_211.99.43.158]: \/211.99.43.158ublic@192.168.0.1:<br \/>\nSetEnv[192.168.0.1_211.99.43.158]: MRTG_INT_IP=\"211.99.43.158\" MRTG_INT_DESCR=\"eth0\"<br \/>\nMaxBytes[192.168.0.1_211.99.43.158]: 1250000<br \/>\nTitle[192.168.0.1_211.99.43.158]: Traffic Analysis for 211.99.43.158 -- 192.168.0.1<br \/>\nPageTop[192.168.0.1_211.99.43.158]:<br \/>\nTraffic Analysis for 211.99.43.158 -- 192.168.0.1<br \/>\nSystem: 192.168.0.1 in Unknown (edit \/etc\/snmp\/snmpd.conf)<\/p>\n<p>Maintainer: Root (configure \/etc\/snmp\/snmp.local.conf)<\/p>\n<p>Description: eth0<\/p>\n<p>ifType: ethernetCsmacd (6)<\/p>\n<p>ifName:<\/p>\n<p>Max Speed: 10.0 Mbits\/s<\/p>\n<p>Ip: 211.99.43.158 (192.168.0.1)<br \/>\n### Interface 3 &gt;&gt; Descr: eth1 | Name: | Ip: 192.168.0.1 | Eth: 0-10-4b-0c-b4-23 ###<\/p>\n<p>Target[192.168.0.1_192.168.0.1]: \/192.168.0.1ublic@192.168.0.1:<br \/>\nSetEnv[192.168.0.1_192.168.0.1]: MRTG_INT_IP=\"192.168.0.1\" MRTG_INT_DESCR=\"eth1\"<br \/>\nMaxBytes[192.168.0.1_192.168.0.1]: 1250000<br \/>\nTitle[192.168.0.1_192.168.0.1]: Traffic Analysis for 192.168.0.1 -- 192.168.0.1<br \/>\nPageTop[192.168.0.1_192.168.0.1]:<br \/>\nTraffic Analysis for 192.168.0.1 -- 192.168.0.1<br \/>\n&gt;<\/p>\n<p>System: 192.168.0.1 in Unknown (edit \/etc\/snmp\/snmpd.conf)<\/p>\n<p>Maintainer: Root (configure \/etc\/snmp\/snmp.local.conf)<\/p>\n<p>Description: eth1<\/p>\n<p>ifType: ethernetCsmacd (6)<\/p>\n<p>ifName:<\/p>\n<p>Max Speed: 10.0 Mbits\/s<\/p>\n<p>Ip: 192.168.0.1 (192.168.0.1)<br \/>\n\u8fd0\u884cmrtg<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u65e6\u751f\u6210\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5c31\u8fd0\u884c\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\/usr\/local\/mrtg-2\/bin\/mrtg \/etc\/mrtg.cfg<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5c06\u67e5\u8be2\u88ab\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u5e76\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u521d\u59cb\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u56fe\u548cweb\u9875\u9762\uff0c\u5728\u524d\u4e09\u6b21\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u62a5\u544a\u9057\u5931\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u544a\u8b66\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u7406\u776c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u8fde\u7eed\u8fd0\u884c\u4e09\u6b21\u4ee5\u540e\u518d\u8fd0\u884c\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u544a\u8b66\u4fe1\u606f\u4e86\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4ecd\u7136\u51fa\u73b0\u544a\u8b66\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u5bdf\u770b\u95ee\u9898\u51fa\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u624b\u5de5\u8fd0\u884cmrtg\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b9a\u65f6\u4ea7\u751f\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6700\u597d\u8fd8\u662f\u5b9a\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u8fd0\u884cmrtg\u6765\u751f\u6210\u7edf\u8ba1\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e94\u5206\u949f\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3aroot\u8eab\u4efdcrontab -e\u8fdb\u5165\u7f16\u8f91\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u5185\u5bb9\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>*\/5 * * * * \/usr\/local\/mrtg-2\/bin\/mrtg \/etc\/mrtg.cfg<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8bbf\u95ee\u5730\u5740<a href=\"http:\/\/192.168.0.1\/mrtg\/\">http:\/\/192.168.0.1\/mrtg\/<\/a>\u6d4f\u89c8\u4e86\u3002<br \/>\n\u6765\u6e90\uff1ahttp:\/\/www.netsp.com.cn\/Article\/config\/others\/200506\/20050622215101.html<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u7b80\u4ecb Mrtg(Multi Router Traffic Grapher,MRTG)\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76d1\u63a7\u7f51\u7edc\u94fe\u8def\u6d41\u91cf\u8d1f\u8f7d [&hellip;]<\/p>... ","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-56","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-5"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.zhouhonghe.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/56","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.zhouhonghe.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.zhouhonghe.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.zhouhonghe.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.zhouhonghe.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=56"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blog.zhouhonghe.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/56\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.zhouhonghe.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=56"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.zhouhonghe.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=56"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.zhouhonghe.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=56"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}