{"id":13,"date":"2005-03-07T04:59:00","date_gmt":"2005-03-06T20:59:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www\/zhouhonghe.com\/wordpress\/?p=13"},"modified":"2007-01-29T21:40:33","modified_gmt":"2007-01-29T13:40:33","slug":"iptables-%e6%93%8d%e4%bd%9c%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.zhouhonghe.com\/?p=13","title":{"rendered":"Iptables \u64cd\u4f5c\u6307\u5357"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>------ \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524diptables ------<br \/>\n# iptables -L<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0 \u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u6761\u5c01IP\u6216\u7f51\u6bb5\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55 ------<br \/>\n# iptables -A RH-Lokkit-0-50-INPUT -s 211.180.232.172 -j REJECT<\/p>\n<p>------ iptables \u7684\u4fdd\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6 ------<br \/>\n\/etc\/sysconfig\/iptables<\/p>\n<p>------ \u4fdd\u5b58iptables ------<br \/>\n# service iptables save<\/p>\n<p>------ \u5907\u4efdiptables ------<br \/>\n# iptables-save<\/p>\n<p>------ \u6e05\u7a7a\u6240\u6709iptables\u8bb0\u5f55 ------<br \/>\n# iptables --flush<\/p>\n<p>===============================================<\/p>\n<p>\u603b\u89c8<br \/>\n\u7528iptables -ADC \u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u94fe\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c-A\u6dfb\u52a0 -D\u5220\u9664 -C \u4fee\u6539<\/p>\n<p>iptables - [RI] chain rule num rule-specification[option]<br \/>\n\u7528iptables - RI \u901a\u8fc7\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u6307\u5b9a<\/p>\n<p>iptables -D chain rule num[option]<br \/>\n\u5220\u9664\u6307\u5b9a\u89c4\u5219<br \/>\niptables -[LFZ] [chain][option]<br \/>\n\u7528iptables -LFZ \u94fe\u540d [\u9009\u9879]<\/p>\n<p>iptables -[NX] chain<br \/>\n\u7528 -NX \u6307\u5b9a\u94fe<\/p>\n<p>iptables -P chain target[options]<br \/>\n\u6307\u5b9a\u94fe\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u76ee\u6807<\/p>\n<p>iptables -E old-chain-name new-chain-name<br \/>\n-E \u65e7\u7684\u94fe\u540d \u65b0\u7684\u94fe\u540d<br \/>\n\u7528\u65b0\u7684\u94fe\u540d\u53d6\u4ee3\u65e7\u7684\u94fe\u540d<br \/>\n\u8bf4\u660e<br \/>\nIptalbes \u662f\u7528\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3001\u7ef4\u62a4\u548c\u68c0\u67e5Linux\u5185\u6838\u7684IP\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u3002<br \/>\n\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8868\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8868\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u51e0\u4e2a\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u94fe\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u94fe\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u94fe\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c4\u5219\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5bf9\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5305\u8fdb\u884c\u5339\u914d\uff1a\u6bcf\u6761\u89c4\u5219\u6307\u5b9a\u5e94\u5f53\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u4e0e\u4e4b\u76f8\u5339\u914d\u7684\u5305\u3002\u8fd9\u88ab\u79f0\u4f5c'target'\uff08\u76ee\u6807\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8df3\u5411\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u5185\u7684\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u94fe\u3002<\/p>\n<p>TARGETS<br \/>\n\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u6307\u5b9a\u6240\u68c0\u67e5\u5305\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5305\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u5c06\u9001\u5f80\u8be5\u94fe\u4e2d\u4e0b\u4e00\u6761\u89c4\u5219\u68c0\u67e5\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u5339\u914d,\u90a3\u4e48\u4e0b\u4e00\u6761\u89c4\u5219\u7531\u76ee\u6807\u503c\u786e\u5b9a.\u8be5\u76ee\u6807\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u94fe\u540d,\u6216\u662f\u67d0\u4e2a\u4e13\u7528\u503c,\u5982ACCEPT[\u901a\u8fc7], DROP[\u5220\u9664], QUEUE[\u6392\u961f], \u6216\u8005 RETURN[\u8fd4\u56de]\u3002<br \/>\nACCEPT \u8868\u793a\u8ba9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5305\u901a\u8fc7\u3002DROP\u8868\u793a\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5305\u4e22\u5f03\u3002QUEUE\u8868\u793a\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5305\u4f20\u9012\u5230\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002RETURN\u8868\u793a\u505c\u6b62\u8fd9\u6761\u94fe\u7684\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u5230\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u94fe\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u91cd\u65b0\u5f00\u59cb\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5230\u8fbe\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u5efa\u7684\u94fe(\u7684\u672b\u7aef)\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u9047\u5230\u5185\u5efa\u94fe\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u662fRETURN\uff0c\u5305\u7684\u547d\u8fd0\u5c06\u7531\u94fe\u51c6\u5219\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>TABLES<br \/>\n\u5f53\u524d\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u8868\uff08\u54ea\u4e2a\u8868\u662f\u5f53\u524d\u8868\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5185\u6838\u914d\u7f6e\u9009\u9879\u548c\u5f53\u524d\u6a21\u5757)\u3002<br \/>\n-t table<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u6307\u5b9a\u547d\u4ee4\u8981\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5339\u914d\u5305\u7684\u8868\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5185\u6838\u88ab\u914d\u7f6e\u4e3a\u81ea\u52a8\u52a0\u8f7d\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u82e5\u6a21\u5757\u6ca1\u6709\u52a0\u8f7d\uff0c(\u7cfb\u7edf)\u5c06\u5c1d\u8bd5(\u4e3a\u8be5\u8868)\u52a0\u8f7d\u9002\u5408\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8868\u5982\u4e0b\uff1afilter,\u8fd9\u662f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u8868\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u5185\u5efa\u7684\u94feINPUT\uff08\u5904\u7406\u8fdb\u5165\u7684\u5305\uff09\u3001FORWORD\uff08\u5904\u7406\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u5305\uff09\u548cOUTPUT\uff08\u5904\u7406\u672c\u5730\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5305\uff09\u3002nat,\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8868\u88ab\u67e5\u8be2\u65f6\u8868\u793a\u9047\u5230\u4e86\u4ea7\u751f\u65b0\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u5305,\u7531\u4e09\u4e2a\u5185\u5efa\u7684\u94fe\u6784\u6210\uff1aPREROUTING (\u4fee\u6539\u5230\u6765\u7684\u5305)\u3001OUTPUT\uff08\u4fee\u6539\u8def\u7531\u4e4b\u524d\u672c\u5730\u7684\u5305\uff09\u3001POSTROUTING\uff08\u4fee\u6539\u51c6\u5907\u51fa\u53bb\u7684\u5305\uff09\u3002mangle \u8fd9\u4e2a\u8868\u7528\u6765\u5bf9\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5305\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\u3002\u5b83\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5185\u5efa\u89c4\u5219\uff1aPREROUTING\uff08\u4fee\u6539\u8def\u7531\u4e4b\u524d\u8fdb\u5165\u7684\u5305\uff09\u548cOUTPUT\uff08\u4fee\u6539\u8def\u7531\u4e4b\u524d\u672c\u5730\u7684\u5305\uff09\u3002<br \/>\nOPTIONS<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53ef\u88abiptables\u8bc6\u522b\u7684\u9009\u9879\u53ef\u4ee5\u533a\u5206\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u79cd\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>COMMANDS<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9009\u9879\u6307\u5b9a\u6267\u884c\u660e\u786e\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\uff1a\u82e5\u6307\u4ee4\u884c\u4e0b\u6ca1\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u89c4\u5b9a,\u8be5\u884c\u53ea\u80fd\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u9009\u9879.\u5bf9\u4e8e\u957f\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u9009\u9879\u540d,\u6240\u7528\u5b57\u6bcd\u957f\u5ea6\u53ea\u8981\u4fdd\u8bc1iptables\u80fd\u4ece\u5176\u4ed6\u9009\u9879\u4e2d\u533a\u5206\u51fa\u8be5\u6307\u4ee4\u5c31\u884c\u4e86\u3002<br \/>\n-A -append<br \/>\n\u5728\u6240\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u94fe\u672b\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u6761\u6216\u66f4\u591a\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5f53\u6e90\uff08\u5730\u5740\uff09\u6216\u8005\/\u4e0e \u76ee\u7684\uff08\u5730\u5740\uff09\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u6761\u89c4\u5219\u4f1a\u52a0\u5230\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5730\u5740(\u7ec4\u5408)\u540e\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n<p>-D -delete<br \/>\n\u4ece\u6240\u9009\u94fe\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u6761\u6216\u66f4\u591a\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u8fd9\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u88ab\u5220\u9664\u89c4\u5219\u6307\u5b9a\u4e3a\u94fe\u4e2d\u7684\u5e8f\u53f7(\u7b2c\u4e00\u6761\u5e8f\u53f7\u4e3a1),\u6216\u8005\u6307\u5b9a\u4e3a\u8981\u5339\u914d\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<p>-R -replace<br \/>\n\u4ece\u9009\u4e2d\u7684\u94fe\u4e2d\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e00\u6761\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6e90\uff08\u5730\u5740\uff09\u6216\u8005\/\u4e0e \u76ee\u7684\uff08\u5730\u5740\uff09\u88ab\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u591a\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u5931\u8d25\u3002\u89c4\u5219\u5e8f\u53f7\u4ece1\u5f00\u59cb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>-I -insert<br \/>\n\u6839\u636e\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u5e8f\u53f7\u5411\u6240\u9009\u94fe\u4e2d\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u6761\u6216\u66f4\u591a\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u89c4\u5219\u5e8f\u53f7\u4e3a1\uff0c\u89c4\u5219\u4f1a\u88ab\u63d2\u5165\u94fe\u7684\u5934\u90e8\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0d\u6307\u5b9a\u89c4\u5219\u5e8f\u53f7\u65f6\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>-L -list<br \/>\n\u663e\u793a\u6240\u9009\u94fe\u7684\u6240\u6709\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u9009\u62e9\u94fe\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u94fe\u5c06\u88ab\u663e\u793a\u3002\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u548cz\u9009\u9879\u4e00\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u94fe\u4f1a\u88ab\u81ea\u52a8\u5217\u51fa\u548c\u5f52\u96f6\u3002\u7cbe\u786e\u8f93\u51fa\u53d7\u5176\u5b83\u6240\u7ed9\u53c2\u6570\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>-F -flush<br \/>\n\u6e05\u7a7a\u6240\u9009\u94fe\u3002\u8fd9\u7b49\u4e8e\u628a\u6240\u6709\u89c4\u5219\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2a\u7684\u5220\u9664\u3002<\/p>\n<p>--Z -zero<br \/>\n\u628a\u6240\u6709\u94fe\u7684\u5305\u53ca\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u6e05\u7a7a\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u548c -L\u914d\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5728\u6e05\u7a7a\u524d\u5bdf\u770b\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u89c1\u524d\u6587\u3002<\/p>\n<p>-N -new-chain<br \/>\n\u6839\u636e\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u94fe\u3002\u8fd9\u5fc5\u987b\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6ca1\u6709\u540c\u540d\u7684\u94fe\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n<p>-X -delete-chain<br \/>\n\u5220\u9664\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u7528\u6237\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u94fe\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u94fe\u5fc5\u987b\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u5728\u5220\u9664\u4e4b\u524d\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u5220\u9664\u6216\u8005\u66ff\u6362\u4e0e\u4e4b\u6709\u5173\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u7ed9\u51fa\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u8bd5\u7740\u5220\u9664\u6bcf\u4e2a\u975e\u5185\u5efa\u7684\u94fe\u3002<\/p>\n<p>-P -policy<br \/>\n\u8bbe\u7f6e\u94fe\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<p>-E -rename-chain<br \/>\n\u6839\u636e\u7528\u6237\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u5bf9\u6307\u5b9a\u94fe\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u547d\u540d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4fee\u9970\uff0c\u5bf9\u6574\u4e2a\u8868\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u6ca1\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u3002TARGETS\u53c2\u6570\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u975e\u7528\u6237\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u94fe\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5185\u5efa\u94fe\u548c\u7528\u6237\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u94fe\u90fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u662f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n<p>-h Help.<br \/>\n\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002\u7ed9\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u547d\u4ee4\u8bed\u6cd5\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u77ed\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>PARAMETERS<br \/>\n\u53c2\u6570<br \/>\n\u4ee5\u4e0b\u53c2\u6570\u6784\u6210\u89c4\u5219\u8be6\u8ff0\uff0c\u5982\u7528\u4e8eadd\u3001delete\u3001replace\u3001append \u548c check\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>-p -protocal [!]protocol<br \/>\n\u89c4\u5219\u6216\u8005\u5305\u68c0\u67e5(\u5f85\u68c0\u67e5\u5305)\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u6307\u5b9a\u534f\u8bae\u53ef\u4ee5\u662ftcp\u3001udp\u3001icmp\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u8005\u5168\u90e8\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u6570\u503c\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u8fd9\u4e9b\u534f\u8bae\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5728\/etc\/protocols\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u540d\u3002\u5728\u534f\u8bae\u540d\u524d\u52a0\u4e0a\u201c!\u201d\u8868\u793a\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u6570\u5b570\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u6240\u6709all\u3002Protocol all\u4f1a\u5339\u914d\u6240\u6709\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd9\u662f\u7f3a\u7701\u65f6\u7684\u9009\u9879\u3002\u5728\u548ccheck\u547d\u4ee4\u7ed3\u5408\u65f6\uff0call\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<br \/>\n-s -source [!] address[\/mask]<br \/>\n\u6307\u5b9a\u6e90\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u540d\u548c\u6e05\u695a\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u3002mask\u8bf4\u660e\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u63a9\u7801\u6216\u6e05\u695a\u7684\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u63a9\u7801\u7684\u5de6\u8fb9\u6307\u5b9a\u7f51\u7edc\u63a9\u7801\u5de6\u8fb9\u201c1\u201d\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cmask\u503c\u4e3a24\u7b49\u4e8e255.255.255.0\u3002\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u5730\u5740\u524d\u52a0\u4e0a\u201c!\u201d\u8bf4\u660e\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u5730\u5740\u6bb5\u3002\u6807\u5fd7 --src \u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u7684\u7b80\u5199\u3002<\/p>\n<p>-d --destination [!] address[\/mask]<br \/>\n\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u8981\u83b7\u53d6\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bf4\u660e\u8bf7\u53c2\u89c1 -s\u6807\u5fd7\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u3002\u6807\u5fd7 --dst \u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u7684\u7b80\u5199\u3002<\/p>\n<p>-j --jump target<br \/>\n-j \u76ee\u6807\u8df3\u8f6c<br \/>\n\u6307\u5b9a\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff1b\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5305\u5339\u914d\u5e94\u5f53\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\u76ee\u6807\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u7528\u6237\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u94fe\uff08\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd9\u6761\u89c4\u5219\u6240\u5728\u7684\uff09\uff0c\u67d0\u4e2a\u4f1a\u7acb\u5373\u51b3\u5b9a\u5305\u7684\u547d\u8fd0\u7684\u4e13\u7528\u5185\u5efa\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e00\u4e2a\u6269\u5c55\uff08\u53c2\u89c1\u4e0b\u9762\u7684EXTENSIONS\uff09\u3002\u5982\u679c\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5339\u914d\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bf9\u5305\u4ea7\u751f\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>-i -in-interface [!] [name]<br \/>\ni -\u8fdb\u5165\u7684\uff08\u7f51\u7edc\uff09\u63a5\u53e3 [!][\u540d\u79f0]<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u662f\u5305\u7ecf\u7531\u8be5\u63a5\u53e3\u63a5\u6536\u7684\u53ef\u9009\u7684\u5165\u53e3\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u5305\u901a\u8fc7\u8be5\u63a5\u53e3\u63a5\u6536\uff08\u5728\u94feINPUT\u3001FORWORD\u548cPREROUTING\u4e2d\u8fdb\u5165\u7684\u5305\uff09\u3002\u5f53\u5728\u63a5\u53e3\u540d\u524d\u4f7f\u7528\u201c!\u201d\u8bf4\u660e\u540e\uff0c\u6307\u7684\u662f\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u5982\u679c\u63a5\u53e3\u540d\u540e\u9762\u52a0\u4e0a\u201c+\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u6240\u6709\u4ee5\u6b64\u63a5\u53e3\u540d\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u5339\u914d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\uff0c\u4f1a\u5047\u8bbe\u4e3a\u201c+\u201d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c06\u5339\u914d\u4efb\u610f\u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>-o --out-interface [!][name]<br \/>\n-o --\u8f93\u51fa\u63a5\u53e3[\u540d\u79f0]<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u662f\u5305\u7ecf\u7531\u8be5\u63a5\u53e3\u9001\u51fa\u7684\u53ef\u9009\u7684\u51fa\u53e3\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u5305\u901a\u8fc7\u8be5\u53e3\u8f93\u51fa\uff08\u5728\u94feFORWARD\u3001OUTPUT\u548cPOSTROUTING\u4e2d\u9001\u51fa\u7684\u5305\uff09\u3002\u5f53\u5728\u63a5\u53e3\u540d\u524d\u4f7f\u7528\u201c!\u201d\u8bf4\u660e\u540e\uff0c\u6307\u7684\u662f\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u5982\u679c\u63a5\u53e3\u540d\u540e\u9762\u52a0\u4e0a\u201c+\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u6240\u6709\u4ee5\u6b64\u63a5\u53e3\u540d\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u5339\u914d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\uff0c\u4f1a\u5047\u8bbe\u4e3a\u201c+\u201d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c06\u5339\u914d\u6240\u6709\u4efb\u610f\u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>[!] -f, --fragment<br \/>\n[!] -f --\u5206\u7247<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5728\u5206\u7247\u7684\u5305\u4e2d\uff0c\u89c4\u5219\u53ea\u8be2\u95ee\u7b2c\u4e8c\u53ca\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u7247\u3002\u81ea\u90a3\u4ee5\u540e\u7531\u4e8e\u65e0\u6cd5\u5224\u65ad\u8fd9\u79cd\u628a\u5305\u7684\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u6216\u76ee\u6807\u7aef\u53e3\uff08\u6216\u8005\u662fICMP\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u7c7b\u5305\u5c06\u4e0d\u80fd\u5339\u914d\u4efb\u4f55\u6307\u5b9a\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fdb\u884c\u5339\u914d\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5982\u679c\u201c!\u201d\u8bf4\u660e\u7528\u5728\u4e86\u201c-f\u201d\u6807\u5fd7\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u610f\u601d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>OTHER OPTIONS<br \/>\n\u5176\u4ed6\u9009\u9879<br \/>\n\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u4e0b\u5217\u9644\u52a0\u9009\u9879\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>-v --verbose<br \/>\n-v --\u8be6\u7ec6<br \/>\n\u8be6\u7ec6\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u8ba9list\u547d\u4ee4\u663e\u793a\u63a5\u53e3\u5730\u5740\u3001\u89c4\u5219\u9009\u9879\uff08\u5982\u679c\u6709\uff09\u548cTOS\uff08Type of Service\uff09\u63a9\u7801\u3002\u5305\u548c\u5b57\u8282\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u4e5f\u5c06\u88ab\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u7528K\u3001M\u3001G(\u524d\u7f00)\u8868\u793a1000\u30011,000,000\u548c1,000,000,000\u500d\uff08\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8bf7\u53c2\u770b-x\u6807\u5fd7\u6539\u53d8\u5b83\uff09\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6dfb\u52a0,\u63d2\u5165,\u5220\u9664\u548c\u66ff\u6362\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f1a\u4f7f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\u88ab\u6253\u5370\u3002<\/p>\n<p>-n --numeric<br \/>\n-n --\u6570\u5b57<br \/>\n\u6570\u5b57\u8f93\u51fa\u3002IP\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u4f1a\u4ee5\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u6253\u5370\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bd5\u663e\u793a\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u540d\u6216\u8005\u670d\u52a1\uff08\u53ea\u8981\u53ef\u7528\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>-x -exact<br \/>\n-x -\u7cbe\u786e<br \/>\n\u6269\u5c55\u6570\u5b57\u3002\u663e\u793a\u5305\u548c\u5b57\u8282\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u7684\u7cbe\u786e\u503c\uff0c\u4ee3\u66ff\u7528K,M,G\u8868\u793a\u7684\u7ea6\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u4ec5\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e -L \u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>--line-numbers<br \/>\n\u5f53\u5217\u8868\u663e\u793a\u89c4\u5219\u65f6\uff0c\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u524d\u9762\u52a0\u4e0a\u884c\u53f7\uff0c\u4e0e\u8be5\u89c4\u5219\u5728\u94fe\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n<p>MATCH EXTENSIONS<br \/>\n\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6269\u5c55<br \/>\niptables\u80fd\u591f\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0e\u6a21\u5757\u5339\u914d\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u5305\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5c31\u662f\u542b\u4e8e\u57fa\u672c\u5305\u5185\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u5305\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4ed6\u4eec\u5927\u591a\u6570\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u524d\u9762\u52a0\u4e0a!\u6765\u8868\u793a\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u610f\u601d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>tcp<br \/>\n\u5f53 --protocol tcp \u88ab\u6307\u5b9a,\u4e14\u5176\u4ed6\u5339\u914d\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u672a\u88ab\u6307\u5b9a\u65f6,\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6269\u5c55\u88ab\u88c5\u8f7d\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u9009\u9879\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>--source-port [!] [port[:port]]<br \/>\n\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u6216\u7aef\u53e3\u8303\u56f4\u6307\u5b9a\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u540d\u6216\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u683c\u5f0f\u7aef\u53e3\uff1a\u7aef\u53e3\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u5305\u542b\u7684\uff08\u7aef\u53e3\uff09\u8303\u56f4\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9996\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f\u201c0\u201d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u672b\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f\u201c65535\u201d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u5927\u4e8e\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u4eec\u4f1a\u88ab\u4ea4\u6362\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 --sport\u7684\u522b\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>--destionation-port [!] [port:[port]]<br \/>\n\u76ee\u6807\u7aef\u53e3\u6216\u7aef\u53e3\u8303\u56f4\u6307\u5b9a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 --dport\u522b\u540d\u6765\u4ee3\u66ff\u3002<\/p>\n<p>--tcp-flags [!] mask comp<br \/>\n\u5339\u914d\u6307\u5b9a\u7684TCP\u6807\u8bb0\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u68c0\u67e5\u7684\u6807\u8bb0\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u9017\u53f7\u5206\u5f00\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u7528\u9017\u53f7\u5206\u5f00\u7684\u6807\u8bb0\u8868,\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u88ab\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u3002\u6807\u8bb0\u5982\u4e0b\uff1aSYN ACK FIN RST URG PSH ALL NONE\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\uff1aiptables -A FORWARD -p tcp --tcp-flags SYN, ACK, FIN, RST SYN\u53ea\u5339\u914d\u90a3\u4e9bSYN\u6807\u8bb0\u88ab\u8bbe\u7f6e\u800cACK\u3001FIN\u548cRST\u6807\u8bb0\u6ca1\u6709\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n<p>[!] --syn<br \/>\n\u53ea\u5339\u914d\u90a3\u4e9b\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86SYN\u4f4d\u800c\u6e05\u9664\u4e86ACK\u548cFIN\u4f4d\u7684TCP\u5305\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5305\u7528\u4e8eTCP\u8fde\u63a5\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u65f6\u53d1\u51fa\u8bf7\u6c42\uff1b\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u5305\u8fdb\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u53d1\u751f\u5835\u585e\u65f6\u4f1a\u963b\u6b62\u8fdb\u5165\u7684TCP\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u800c\u51fa\u53bb\u7684TCP\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d7\u5230\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u8fd9\u7b49\u4e8e --tcp-flags SYN, RST, ACK SYN\u3002\u5982\u679c\u201c--syn\u201d\u524d\u9762\u6709\u201c!\u201d\u6807\u8bb0\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u610f\u601d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>--tcp-option [!] number<br \/>\n\u5339\u914d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86TCP\u9009\u9879\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>udp<br \/>\n\u5f53protocol udp \u88ab\u6307\u5b9a,\u4e14\u5176\u4ed6\u5339\u914d\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u672a\u88ab\u6307\u5b9a\u65f6,\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6269\u5c55\u88ab\u88c5\u8f7d,\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u9009\u9879\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>--source-port [!] [port:[port]]<br \/>\n\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u6216\u7aef\u53e3\u8303\u56f4\u6307\u5b9a\u3002\u8be6\u89c1 TCP\u6269\u5c55\u7684--source-port\u9009\u9879\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>--destination-port [!] [port:[port]]<br \/>\n\u76ee\u6807\u7aef\u53e3\u6216\u7aef\u53e3\u8303\u56f4\u6307\u5b9a\u3002\u8be6\u89c1 TCP\u6269\u5c55\u7684--destination-port\u9009\u9879\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>icmp<br \/>\n\u5f53protocol icmp\u88ab\u6307\u5b9a,\u4e14\u5176\u4ed6\u5339\u914d\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u672a\u88ab\u6307\u5b9a\u65f6,\u8be5\u6269\u5c55\u88ab\u88c5\u8f7d\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u9009\u9879\uff1a<br \/>\n--icmp-type [!] typename<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u5141\u8bb8\u6307\u5b9aICMP\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u503c\u578b\u7684ICMP\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u67d0\u4e2a\u7531\u547d\u4ee4iptables -p icmp -h\u6240\u663e\u793a\u7684ICMP\u7c7b\u578b\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>mac<br \/>\n--mac-source [!] address<br \/>\n\u5339\u914d\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\u3002\u5fc5\u987b\u662fXX:XX:XX:XX:XX\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u5b83\u53ea\u5bf9\u6765\u81ea\u4ee5\u592a\u8bbe\u5907\u5e76\u8fdb\u5165PREROUTING\u3001FORWORD\u548cINPUT\u94fe\u7684\u5305\u6709\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n<p>limit<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u5339\u914d\u6807\u5fd7\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u8bb0\u6876\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u4e00\u4e00\u5b9a\u901f\u5ea6\u8fdb\u884c\u5339\u914d,\u5b83\u548cLOG\u76ee\u6807\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u6765\u7ed9\u51fa\u6709\u9650\u7684\u767b\u9646\u6570.\u5f53\u8fbe\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6781\u9650\u503c\u65f6,\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6269\u5c55\u5305\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u5c06\u8fdb\u884c\u5339\u914d.(\u9664\u975e\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u201c!\u201d\u6807\u8bb0)<\/p>\n<p>--limit rate<br \/>\n\u6700\u5927\u5e73\u5747\u5339\u914d\u901f\u7387\uff1a\u53ef\u8d4b\u7684\u503c\u6709'\/second', '\/minute', '\/hour', or '\/day'\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5355\u4f4d\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f3\/hour\u3002<\/p>\n<p>--limit-burst number<br \/>\n\u5f85\u5339\u914d\u5305\u521d\u59cb\u4e2a\u6570\u7684\u6700\u5927\u503c:\u82e5\u524d\u9762\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6781\u9650\u8fd8\u6ca1\u8fbe\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u503c,\u5219\u6982\u6570\u5b57\u52a01.\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u4e3a5<\/p>\n<p>multiport<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u5339\u914d\u4e00\u7ec4\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u6216\u76ee\u6807\u7aef\u53e3,\u6700\u591a\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a15\u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\u53ea\u80fd\u548c-p tcp \u6216\u8005 -p udp \u8fde\u7740\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>--source-port [port[, port]]<br \/>\n\u5982\u679c\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3\u5219\u5339\u914d<\/p>\n<p>--destination-port [port[, port]]<br \/>\n\u5982\u679c\u76ee\u6807\u7aef\u53e3\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3\u5219\u5339\u914d<\/p>\n<p>--port [port[, port]]<br \/>\n\u82e5\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u548c\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u76f8\u7b49\u5e76\u4e0e\u67d0\u4e2a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3\u76f8\u7b49,\u5219\u5339\u914d\u3002<br \/>\nmark<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u548c\u4e0enetfilter\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u6807\u8bb0\u5b57\u6bb5\u5339\u914d\uff08\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0b\u9762\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u4f7f\u7528MARK\u6807\u8bb0\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>--mark value [\/mask]<br \/>\n\u5339\u914d\u90a3\u4e9b\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u6807\u8bb0\u503c\u7684\u5305\uff08\u5982\u679c\u6307\u5b9amask\uff0c\u5728\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e4b\u524d\u4f1a\u7ed9\u63a9\u7801\u52a0\u4e0a\u903b\u8f91\u7684\u6807\u8bb0\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>owner<br \/>\n\u6b64\u6a21\u5757\u8bd5\u4e3a\u672c\u5730\u751f\u6210\u5305\u5339\u914d\u5305\u521b\u5efa\u8005\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u4e8eOUTPUT\u94fe\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5373\u4f7f\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e9b\u5305\uff08\u5982ICMP ping\u5e94\u7b54\uff09\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u6ca1\u6709\u6240\u6709\u8005\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5339\u914d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>--uid-owner userid<br \/>\n\u5982\u679c\u7ed9\u51fa\u6709\u6548\u7684user id\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5339\u914d\u5b83\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n<p>--gid-owner groupid<br \/>\n\u5982\u679c\u7ed9\u51fa\u6709\u6548\u7684group id\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5339\u914d\u5b83\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n<p>--sid-owner seessionid<br \/>\n\u6839\u636e\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7ec4\u5339\u914d\u8be5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n<p>state<br \/>\n\u6b64\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5f53\u4e0e\u8fde\u63a5\u8ddf\u8e2a\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u8bbf\u95ee\u5305\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8ddf\u8e2a\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n<p>--state state<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u91ccstate\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9017\u53f7\u5206\u5272\u7684\u5339\u914d\u8fde\u63a5\u72b6\u6001\u5217\u8868\u3002\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u662f:INVALID\u8868\u793a\u5305\u662f\u672a\u77e5\u8fde\u63a5\uff0cESTABLISHED\u8868\u793a\u662f\u53cc\u5411\u4f20\u9001\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\uff0cNEW\u8868\u793a\u5305\u4e3a\u65b0\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u662f\u975e\u53cc\u5411\u4f20\u9001\u7684\uff0c\u800cRELATED\u8868\u793a\u5305\u7531\u65b0\u8fde\u63a5\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5982FTP\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u9001\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e00\u4e2aICMP\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<p>unclean<br \/>\n\u6b64\u6a21\u5757\u6ca1\u6709\u53ef\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5b83\u8bd5\u7740\u5339\u914d\u90a3\u4e9b\u5947\u602a\u7684\u3001\u4e0d\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5305\u3002\u5904\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>tos<br \/>\n\u6b64\u6a21\u5757\u5339\u914dIP\u5305\u9996\u90e8\u76848\u4f4dtos\uff08\u670d\u52a1\u7c7b\u578b\uff09\u5b57\u6bb5\uff08\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u5728\u4f18\u5148\u4f4d\u4e2d\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>--tos tos<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u51c6\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\uff08\u7528iptables -m tos -h \u5bdf\u770b\u8be5\u5217\u8868\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6570\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>TARGET EXTENSIONS<br \/>\niptables\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6269\u5c55\u76ee\u6807\u6a21\u5757\uff1a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u5728\u6807\u51c6\u7248\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>LOG<br \/>\n\u4e3a\u5339\u914d\u7684\u5305\u5f00\u542f\u5185\u6838\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u5f53\u5728\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u9009\u9879\u540e\uff0clinux\u5185\u6838\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7printk()\u6253\u5370\u4e00\u4e9b\u5173\u4e8e\u5168\u90e8\u5339\u914d\u5305\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff08\u8bf8\u5982IP\u5305\u5934\u5b57\u6bb5\u7b49\uff09\u3002<br \/>\n--log-level level<br \/>\n\u8bb0\u5f55\u7ea7\u522b\uff08\u6570\u5b57\u6216\u53c2\u770b syslog.conf(5)\uff09\u3002<br \/>\n--log-prefix prefix<br \/>\n\u5728\u7eaa\u5f55\u4fe1\u606f\u524d\u52a0\u4e0a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u524d\u7f00\uff1a\u6700\u591a14\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bcd\u957f\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u548c\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e2d\u5176\u4ed6\u4fe1\u606f\u533a\u522b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>--log-tcp-sequence<br \/>\n\u8bb0\u5f55TCP\u5e8f\u5217\u53f7\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8bb0\u5f55\u80fd\u88ab\u7528\u6237\u8bfb\u53d6\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u5c06\u5b58\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u9690\u60a3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>--log-tcp-options<br \/>\n\u8bb0\u5f55\u6765\u81eaTCP\u5305\u5934\u90e8\u7684\u9009\u9879\u3002<br \/>\n--log-ip-options<br \/>\n\u8bb0\u5f55\u6765\u81eaIP\u5305\u5934\u90e8\u7684\u9009\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n<p>MARK<br \/>\n\u7528\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5305\u7684netfilter\u6807\u8bb0\u503c\u3002\u53ea\u9002\u7528\u4e8emangle\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<p>--set-mark mark<\/p>\n<p>REJECT<br \/>\n\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bf9\u5339\u914d\u7684\u5305\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u5305\uff1a\u5176\u4ed6\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u548cDROP\u76f8\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u76ee\u6807\u53ea\u9002\u7528\u4e8eINPUT\u3001FORWARD\u548cOUTPUT\u94fe\uff0c\u548c\u8c03\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u94fe\u7684\u7528\u6237\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u94fe\u3002\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u63a7\u5236\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5305\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>--reject-with type<br \/>\nType\u53ef\u4ee5\u662ficmp-net-unreachable\u3001icmp-host-unreachable\u3001icmp-port-nreachable\u3001icmp-proto-unreachable\u3001 icmp-net-prohibited \u6216\u8005 icmp-host-prohibited\uff0c\u8be5\u7c7b\u578b\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u76f8\u5e94\u7684ICMP\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662fport-unreachable\uff09\u3002\u9009\u9879 echo-reply\u4e5f\u662f\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\uff1b\u5b83\u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9aICMP ping\u5305\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\uff0c\u751f\u6210ping\u7684\u56de\u5e94\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u9009\u9879tcp-reset\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5728INPUT\u94fe\u4e2d,\u6216\u81eaINPUT\u94fe\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u53ea\u5339\u914dTCP\u534f\u8bae\uff1a\u5c06\u56de\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2aTCP RST\u5305\u3002<br \/>\nTOS<br \/>\n\u7528\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6eIP\u5305\u7684\u9996\u90e8\u516b\u4f4dtos\u3002\u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u4e8emangle\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<p>--set-tos tos<br \/>\n\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u503c\u578b\u7684TOS \u503c\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u7528iptables -j TOS -h \u6765\u67e5\u770b\u6709\u6548TOS\u540d\u5217\u8868\u3002<br \/>\nMIRROR<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bd5\u9a8c\u793a\u8303\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u8f6c\u6362IP\u9996\u90e8\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e2d\u7684\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u518d\u4f20\u9001\u8be5\u5305,\u5e76\u53ea\u9002\u7528\u4e8eINPUT\u3001FORWARD\u548cOUTPUT\u94fe\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u53ea\u8c03\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u7528\u6237\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u94fe\u3002<\/p>\n<p>SNAT<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u53ea\u9002\u7528\u4e8enat\u8868\u7684POSTROUTING\u94fe\u3002\u5b83\u89c4\u5b9a\u4fee\u6539\u5305\u7684\u6e90\u5730\u5740\uff08\u6b64\u8fde\u63a5\u4ee5\u540e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5305\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u5f71\u54cd\uff09\uff0c\u505c\u6b62\u5bf9\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u5b83\u5305\u542b\u9009\u9879\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>--to-source [-][:port-port]<br \/>\n\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u65b0\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2aIP\u5730\u5740\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u9644\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3\u8303\u56f4\uff08\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u6307\u5b9a-p tcp \u6216\u8005-p udp\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u91cc\uff09\u3002\u5982\u679c\u672a\u6307\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u4e2d512\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\uff08\u7aef\u53e3\uff09\u4f1a\u88ab\u5b89\u7f6e\u4e3a\u5176\u4ed6\u7684512\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\uff1b512\u52301024\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u4f1a\u88ab\u5b89\u7f6e\u4e3a1024\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7aef\u53e3\u4f1a\u88ab\u5b89\u7f6e\u4e3a1024\u6216\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002\u5982\u679c\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u7aef\u53e3\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n<p>--to-destiontion [-][:port-port]<br \/>\n\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u65b0\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2aIP\u5730\u5740\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u9644\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3\u8303\u56f4\uff08\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u6307\u5b9a-p tcp \u6216\u8005-p udp\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u91cc\uff09\u3002\u5982\u679c\u672a\u6307\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u7aef\u53e3\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n<p>MASQUERADE<br \/>\n\u53ea\u7528\u4e8enat\u8868\u7684POSTROUTING\u94fe\u3002\u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u52a8\u6001\u83b7\u53d6IP\uff08\u62e8\u53f7\uff09\u8fde\u63a5\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u62e5\u6709\u9759\u6001IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4f60\u8981\u7528SNAT\u3002\u4f2a\u88c5\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u7ed9\u5305\u53d1\u51fa\u65f6\u6240\u7ecf\u8fc7\u63a5\u53e3\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6620\u50cf\uff0c\u5f53\u63a5\u53e3\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5\u4f1a\u7ec8\u6b62\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f53\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b21\u62e8\u53f7\u65f6\u672a\u5fc5\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u5730\u5740\uff08\u4ee5\u540e\u6240\u6709\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u90fd\u5c06\u5173\u95ed\uff09\u3002\u5b83\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>--to-ports [-port&gt;]<br \/>\n\u6307\u5b9a\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u8986\u76d6\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684SNAT\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u9009\u62e9\uff08\u89c1\u4e0a\u9762\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u53ea\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86-p tcp\u6216\u8005-p udp\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<p>REDIRECT<br \/>\n\u53ea\u9002\u7528\u4e8enat\u8868\u7684PREROUTING\u548cOUTPUT\u94fe\uff0c\u548c\u53ea\u8c03\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u7528\u6237\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u94fe\u3002\u5b83\u4fee\u6539\u5305\u7684\u76ee\u6807IP\u5730\u5740\u6765\u53d1\u9001\u5305\u5230\u673a\u5668\u81ea\u8eab\uff08\u672c\u5730\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5305\u88ab\u5b89\u7f6e\u4e3a\u5730\u5740127.0.0.1\uff09\u3002\u5b83\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>--to-ports []<br \/>\n\u6307\u5b9a\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u6216\u7aef\u53e3\u8303\u56f4\uff1a\u4e0d\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u7aef\u53e3\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u3002\u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86-p tcp \u6216 -p udp\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<p>DIAGNOSTICS<br \/>\n\u8bca\u65ad<br \/>\n\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u4f1a\u6253\u5370\u6210\u6807\u51c6\u9519\u8bef\uff1a\u9000\u51fa\u4ee3\u78010\u8868\u793a\u6b63\u786e\u3002\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u4e0d\u5bf9\u7684\u6216\u8005\u6ee5\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u9519\u8bef\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u9519\u8bef\u4ee3\u78012\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u9519\u8bef\u8fd4\u56de\u4ee3\u7801\u4e3a1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>BUGS<br \/>\n\u81ed\u866b<br \/>\nCheck is not implemented (yet).<br \/>\n\u68c0\u67e5\u8fd8\u672a\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<p>COMPATIBILITY WITH IPCHAINS<br \/>\n\u4e0eipchains\u7684\u517c\u5bb9\u6027<br \/>\niptables\u548cRusty Russell\u7684ipchains\u975e\u5e38\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u533a\u522b\u662fINPUT \u94fe\u53ea\u7528\u4e8e\u8fdb\u5165\u672c\u5730\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u5305,\u800cOUTPUT\u53ea\u7528\u4e8e\u81ea\u672c\u5730\u4e3b\u673a\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5305\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5305\u53ea\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e09\u4e2a\u94fe\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\uff1b\u4ee5\u524d\u8f6c\u53d1\u7684\u5305\u4f1a\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6240\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u94fe\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u4e3b\u8981\u533a\u522b\u662f -i \u5f15\u7528\u8fdb\u5165\u63a5\u53e3\uff1b-o\u5f15\u7528\u8f93\u51fa\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u90fd\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u8fdb\u5165FORWARD\u94fe\u7684\u5305\u3002\u5f53\u548c\u53ef\u9009\u6269\u5c55\u6a21\u5757\u4e00\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u8868\u65f6\uff0ciptables\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u3002\u8fd9\u80fd\u5927\u5927\u51cf\u5c11\u4ee5\u524d\u5bf9IP\u4f2a\u88c5\u548c\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6df7\u6dc6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4ee5\u4e0b\u9009\u9879\u4f5c\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5904\u7406\uff1a<br \/>\n-j MASQ<br \/>\n-M -S<br \/>\n-M -L<br \/>\n\u5728iptables\u4e2d\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u94fe\u3002<\/p>\n<p>SEE ALSO<br \/>\n\u53c2\u89c1<br \/>\niptables-HOWTO\u6709\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684iptables\u7528\u6cd5,\u5bf9netfilter-hacking-HOWTO\u4e5f\u6709\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>AUTHORS<br \/>\n\u4f5c\u8005<\/p>\n<p>Rusty Russell wrote iptables, in early consultation with Michael Neuling.<br \/>\nMarc Boucher made Rusty abandon ipnatctl by lobbying for a generic packet selection framework in iptables, then wrote the mangle table, the owner match, the mark stuff, and ranaround doing cool stuff everywhere.<br \/>\nJames Morris wrote the TOS target, and tos match.<br \/>\nJozsef Kadlecsik wrote the REJECT target.<br \/>\nThe Netfilter Core Team is: Marc Boucher, Rusty Russell.<\/p>\n<p>Mar 20, 2000<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u6587\u7ef4\u62a4\uff1a\u6768\u9e4f\u00b7NetSnake<br \/>\n\u5730\u5740\uff1a\u6e56\u5317\u7701\u6069\u65bd\u5e02\u4e1c\u98ce\u5927\u905322\u53f7\u300a\u6069\u65bd\u65e5\u62a5\u300b\u793e<br \/>\n\u90ae\u7f16\uff1a445000 \u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\uff1a<a href=\"mailto:netsnake@963.net\">netsnake@963.net<\/a> \u7535\u8bdd\uff1a0718-8260030<\/p>\n<p>\u6765\u6e90\uff1a<a href=\"http:\/\/blog.dalouis.com\/item\/132\">http:\/\/blog.dalouis.com\/item\/132<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>------ \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524diptables ------ # iptables -L \u00a0 \u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u6761\u5c01IP\u6216\u7f51\u6bb5\u7684\u8bb0 [&hellip;]<\/p>... ","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-5"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.zhouhonghe.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.zhouhonghe.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.zhouhonghe.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.zhouhonghe.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.zhouhonghe.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=13"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blog.zhouhonghe.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.zhouhonghe.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=13"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.zhouhonghe.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=13"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.zhouhonghe.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=13"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}